Views: 1576 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2023-06-13 Origin: Site
The hydraulic shearing machine is a kind of machine that uses a reasonable blade gap to apply shearing force to metal plates of various thicknesses using a moving upper blade and a fixed lower blade so that the plates can be broken and separated according to the required size.
Classification of shearing machine:
⒈The shearing machine is divided into a straight knife shearing machine and disc knife shearing machine according to the shape of scissors. Straight knife shears are divided into gantry shears and throat shears according to their structure. Disc cutter shears are divided into disc shears, rolling shearing machine, multi-disc shearing machine, and rotary trimming shearing machine according to their structure.
⒉The shearing machine are classified into the following types according to the movement trajectory of the tool post:
●The knife holder moves along the vertical line. Since there is no forward inclination angle, the upper blade section must be processed into a diamond shape, so there are only two blades (four-edged rectangular blades are also available, but the cutting quality is poor). The fracture is not at right angles to the board surface.
●The tool post moves along the forward inclination line (the angle between the vertical line is 1°30'～2°), the upper blade section can be processed into a rectangle with four blades, and the cut fracture is basically at right angles to the board surface.
●The tool holder swings along the arc line. The section of the cutting blade should be processed into a diamond shape, so there are only two blades. Because the upper blade tilts forward slightly during the cutting process, the cutting quality is related to the movement of the tool holder along the forward tilt line similar.
●The tool holder swings along a circular arc, and the forward inclination angle can reach 300, so the welding groove can be cut out.
⒊According to the way of transmission, the shearing machine is divided into: mechanical drive shearing machine and hydraulic drive shearing trigger.
Operating procedures of hydraulic swing shears:
⒈Conscientiously implement the relevant provisions of the General Operating Regulations for Forging Equipment.
⒉Conscientiously implement the following relevant supplementary regulations:
Before work:
●Before the dry-run test run, the machine should be cranked manually for a working stroke, and the equipment can be started after confirming that it is normal.
●For equipment with hydraulic devices, check the oil storage tank for sufficient oil. After starting the oil pump, check the valve and pipeline for leakage, and the pressure should meet the requirements. Open the air release valve to release the air in the system.
At work:
●It is forbidden to cut laminated sheets, trim the edges of raw-edged sheets, or cut narrow sheets and short sheets that are not tightly compressed.
●The gap between the blades should be adjusted according to the thickness of the plate, but it should not be greater than 1/30 of the thickness of the plate. The knife plate should be fastened firmly and the upper and lower knife plates should be kept parallel. Manual turning should be used for inspection after adjustment to avoid accidents.
●The cutting edge of the blade should be kept sharp. If the cutting edge becomes dull or cracked, it should be replaced in time.
●When cutting, the pressing device should firmly press the sheet, and it is not allowed to cut under the condition of not being pressed tightly.
●For equipment with hydraulic devices, other hydraulic valves other than throttling are not allowed to be adjusted privately.
●For hydraulic pendulum shears, the thickness of the sheared sheet should be determined according to the "Relationship Curve Diagram of Ultimate Strength and Thickness of Sheets".
⒊After working, the upper knife board should be dropped in the lowest position.
Working principle:
After shearing, the shearing machine should be able to ensure the straightness and parallelism requirements of the shearing surface of the sheared sheet and minimize the distortion of the sheet to obtain high-quality workpieces. The upper blade of the shearing machine is fixed on the knife holder, and the lower blade is fixed on the workbench. A material holding ball is installed on the workbench so that the sheet material will not be scratched when sliding on it.
The back gauge is used for positioning the plate, and the position is adjusted by the motor. The pressing cylinder is used to compress the sheet to prevent the sheet from moving during shearing. The guardrail is a safety device to prevent work-related accidents. The return journey generally relies on nitrogen, which is fast and has little impact.
⒈Its steel welded frame construction provides good stability and rigidity.
⒉Sheet distortion is greatly reduced through the use of an adjustable shear angle.
⒊Has an integrated hydraulic system with a high degree of reliability and durability.
⒋Rectangular blades can accommodate up to four cutting edges for long service life.
⒌Uses a hand wheel to accurately, quickly, and conveniently adjust the blade gap.
Precautions:
⒈Start the shearing machine for a few cycles of idling to ensure that under normal conditions, test cuts of different thicknesses, from thin to thick. Ensure that the user is familiar with the performance of the shears.
⒉Different blade gaps must be adjusted for different plate thicknesses during trial cutting. If the corresponding blade gap is not adjusted, the durability of the blade will be affected.
⒊The shearing machine turns on the pressure gauge switch during the cutting process and observes the pressure value of the oil circuit. The pressure should be less than 20MPa when cutting a 12mm board. This remote pressure regulating valve No9, the pressure is set to 20-22MPa when leaving the factory, the user must abide by this regulation, and must not increase the pressure for cutting over the specified material surface and cause damage to the machine.
⒋Sound balance during operation. If there is noise in the shearing machine, stop and check.
⒌When the shearing machine is operating, the temperature of the fuel tank is increased by 60 degrees.
Maintenance:
⒈Operate strictly following the operating procedures.
⒉Add lubricating oil according to the requirements of the lubrication chart every time before starting the machine. The oil should be clean and free of precipitation.
⒊The machine tool must always be kept clean, and the unpainted parts must be rust-proof grease.
⒋The lubricating oil in the motor bearing should be replaced and refilled regularly, and the electrical part should be regularly checked for normal, safe, and reliable operation.
⒌Regularly check whether the V-belt, handles, knobs, and buttons are damaged. If they are severely worn, they should be replaced in time, and the spare parts should be reported for the supplement.
⒍Regularly check and repair switches, insurances, and handles to ensure reliable operation.
⒎Lubricate and scrub the machine tool 10 minutes before the end of getting off work every day.
⒏It is strictly forbidden for non-designated personnel to operate the equipment, and it is necessary to stop the machine from the machine.
Safety technical requirements for shears:
The shearing machine is a kind of shearing equipment widely used in machining. It can cut steel plate materials of various thicknesses. Commonly used shears are divided into three types: flat shear, rolling shear, and vibration shear. Flat shears are used in large quantities. Shears with a cutting thickness of less than 10mm are mostly mechanically driven, and those with a thickness greater than 10mm are hydraulically driven. Generally, single or continuous metal cutting is performed by pedal or button operation.
Pay attention to when operating the shearing machine:
●Before work, carefully check whether all parts of the shearing machine are normal, whether the electrical equipment is intact, and whether the lubrication system is unblocked; remove the tools, measuring tools, and other debris and corner waste placed on and around the table.
●Do not operate the shearing machine by one person alone. Two or three people should coordinate the feeding, control the dimensional accuracy and take the material, and make sure that one person is responsible for the unified command.
●Adjust the shear gap of the shearing machine according to the specified shearing thickness. It is not allowed to cut two different specifications and different materials at the same time; it is not allowed to cut by overlapping materials. The cut sheet requires a flat surface, and it is not allowed to cut narrow sheets that cannot be compressed.
●The belt, flywheel, gear, shaft, and other moving parts of the shearing machine must be equipped with a protective cover.
●The fingers of the shearing machine operator should keep a distance of at least 200mm away from the scissors mouth, and leave the pressing device. The protective fence installed on the shearing trigger cannot block the eyes of the operator and cannot see the cut part. The waste generated after the operation has edges and corners, and the operator should remove it in time to prevent stab wounds and cuts.
Advantages of Hydraulic Shearing Machine over the Regular Mechanical Models
A shearing machine is an industrial equipment with rotary disks and blades used to cut hard iron sheets and metal bars. The term shearing means to apply a high pressure tool on a metal bar once to remove a part of the metal. All metal shears use the same technique in cutting where there is a fixed upper blade, a lower blade and an adjustable clearance separating the two. When a force is applied on the upper blade it forces the lower blade to cut and separate the metal into two.
Shearing machines are categorized depending on the shape of its blade, linear or circular.
Linear shearing machines are used to cut metal with a thickness of over 2mm and they are operated with hydraulic power or hand operated machines for thinner metals.
Circular shearing machines are used to cut circular blanks and rings from metal and are operated by an electric motor. The best types of metal for shearing are bronze, aluminium, brass and mild steel. Metal shearing is cost effective and easy and hence preferred in industries and even homes.
⒈Bench shear- The word bench is because the machine is mounted on a bench to increase its mechanical ability. It is used to cut rough shapes of medium sizes of metal. However, small bench shearing machines are fitted with ground cutting blades and are light weights making it easy to have clean and fast cuts.
⒉Guillotine- This means that the machine is hand or foot powered and sometimes mechanically powered. The material to be cut is first cramped with a ram and a moving blade goes down and shears the metal. a power shearing machine consists of a shear table to put the material being sheared, a a holding device to hold the material in place to avoid movement, a gauging device to make sure the material is in the right place and the lower and upper blades to do the cutting.
⒊Power shears- This type of a shearing machine is electrically powered to shear large pieces of metal regardless of size. Alternatively they can be powered with hydraulics to cut metals that are too bulky for transportation.
⒋Throat-Less shear- This means that the metal being cut can be moved around the cutting blade freely so it’s flexible. It’s used for complex cuts and curves.
Advantages of using Hydraulic Shearing Machines over Mechanical Models
●Hydraulic shearing machines are fast and accurate and make it easy to cut a lot of metal in factories.
●Hydraulic shears don’t require a lot of maintenance as mechanical models and hence are cost effective.
●Hydraulic shears are usually compact machines and hence take up less space even though they apply the same kind of pressure as mechanical shearing machines.
●Hydraulic shearing machines secure metal with cramps while cutting hence ensuring smooth cuts and even 90 degrees cut. There are a wide variety of hydraulic shearing machines in the market to cater for all sizes of metal.
How to use Hydraulic Shearing Machines Safely?
●Always have specialist operators to work on the machine
●Maintain cleanliness in the machine and follow the operating rules to avoid hazards.
●Always make sure to switch off power of the machine after use.
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