Views: 47 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2023-09-04 Origin: Site
Laser cutting uses a focused high-power-density laser beam to illuminate a workpiece, causing the material to be irradiated to rapidly melt, vaporize, ablate, or reach a flash point. At the same time, the molten material is blown off by a high-speed airflow coaxial with the beam, thereby cutting the workpiece. Nowadays, CO2 pulsed lasers are generally used, and laser cutting is one of the thermal cutting methods.
Water cutting, also known as water jet, is a high-pressure water jet cutting technology that is a machine that uses high-pressure water jet cutting. The workpiece can be arbitrarily carved under the control of the computer, and is less affected by the texture of the material. Water cutting is divided into two methods: no sand cutting and sand cutting.
Plasma arc cutting is a processing method which uses the heat of high-temperature plasma arc to melt (and evaporate) the metal at the workpiece incision, and uses the momentum of high-speed plasma to remove the molten metal to form the incision.
The wire electric discharge machine belongs to the category of electric machining, and the electric discharge wire cutting process is sometimes called wire cutting. Wire cutting can be divided into fast wire cutting, medium wire cutting, and slow wire cutting. The wire-cutting speed of the wire-cut EDM wire cutting is 6~12 m/s, and the electrode wire is used for high-speed reciprocating motion, and the cutting precision is poor. The medium wire EDM wire cutting is a new process of developing frequency conversion multiple times on the basis of fast wire cutting. The wire cutting speed of the slow wire EDM wire cutting is 0.2m/s, and the wire is made in a low speed one-way motion, and the cutting precision is high.
Laser cutting machine has a wide range of applications, regardless of metal or non-metal, can cut, cut non-metal, such as cloth, leather, etc. can use CO2 laser cutting machine, cutting metal can use fiber laser cutting machine. The deformation of the sheet is small.
Water cutting is cold cutting, no heat deformation, good quality of cutting surface, no need for secondary processing, and easy secondary processing if needed. Water cutting can punch and cut any material, and the cutting speed is fast and the processing size is flexible.
The plasma cutting machine can be used for cutting various metal materials such as stainless steel, aluminum, copper, cast iron, carbon steel, plasma cutting has obvious thermal effect, low precision, and the cutting surface is not easy to be further processed.
Wire cutting can only cut conductive materials, and cutting coolant is needed during the cutting process. Therefore, materials such as paper, leather, etc. that are not conductive, the product which is afraid of water, and afraid of cutting coolant contamination also cannot be cut.
The industrial application of laser-cut in carbon steel is generally below 20mm. Cutting ability is generally below 40mm. Stainless steel in industrial applications are generally below 16mm, and the cutting capacity is generally below 25mm. Moreover, as the thickness of the workpiece increases, the cutting speed drops significantly.
The thickness of the water jet cut can be very thick, between 0.8-100mm, or even thicker material.
The plasma cutting thickness is 0-120mm, and the plasma system with the best cutting quality range of about 20mm has the highest cost performance.
The thickness of the wire cut is generally 40 to 60 mm and sometimes the thickness is up to 600 mm.
The laser power of 1200W is used to Cut 2mm thick low carbon steel plate, the cutting speed can reach 600cm / min; when cutting the 5mm thick polypropylene resin plate the cutting speed can reach 1200cm / min. Laser cutting is fast and can be used in mass production.
Water cutting speed is quite slow, not suitable for mass production.
The cutting speed of plasma cutting is slow and the relative accuracy is low, which is more suitable for cutting thick plates, but the end face has a slope.
The cutting efficiency of WEDM is generally 20-60mm2 / min, and the highest is 300mm2 / min; For metal processing, wire cutting has higher precision, but the speed is very slow, sometimes it needs to use other methods to pierce and thread in order to cut, and the cutting size is greatly limited.
The laser cutting slit is narrow, the slits are parallel on both sides and perpendicular to the surface, and the dimensional accuracy of the cut parts can reach ±0.2 mm.
Plasma cutting can reach less than 1mm;
Water jet cutting does not produce thermal deformation with an accuracy of ±0.1mm. If a dynamic water cutting machine is used, the cutting accuracy can be improved, and the cutting accuracy can be up to ±0.02mm, eliminating the cutting slope.
Wire cutting processing accuracy is generally ±0.01 ~ ± 0.02 mm, up to ± 0.004 mm.
Laser cutting is more precise than plasma cutting, and the slit is small, about 0.5mm.
Plasma cutting slits are larger than laser cutting, around 1-2mm;
Water jet cuts are approximately 10% larger than the diameter of the tube, typically between 0.8mm and 1.2mm. As the diameter of the sanding tube expands, the incision becomes larger.
The slit width of the wire cutting is the smallest, generally about 0.1-0.2 mm.
Laser cutting machines have different prices for different applications, from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of dollars, laser cutting has no consumables（except the nozzle）, but the equipment investment cost is the highest among all cutting methods, and the maintenance cost is also very high.
Plasma cutting machines vary in price, depending on the power and brand of the plasma cutting machine, and the cost of use is high, basically as long as the conductive material can be cut.
The water jet cutting energy consumption is high, the maintenance cost is high, and the cutting speed is not as fast as the plasma. Because all the abrasives are disposable, they are discharged into nature after use one time, and the environmental pollution is also serious.
Wire cutting machine is cheaper. However wire cutting is consumable, such as molybdenum wire, cutting coolant, etc. Wire cutting machine commonly used two kinds of wire, one is molybdenum wire, used for fast speed wire cutting equipment, the advantage is that molybdenum wire can be reused many times; the other is copper wire, used for slow wire cutting equipment, the disadvantage is copper wire Can only be used once. In addition, the fast speed wire cutting machine is much cheaper than the slow speed wire cutting machine, and the price of a slow wire is equal to 5 or 6 sets fast speed.
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